Process Technology Presentation 2vt19

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þ What does the technology do which is different from other similar technologies? þ How does it do it? That is, what particular characteristics of the technology are used to perform its function? þ What benefits does using the technology give to the operation? þ What constraints does using the technology place on the operation?

a p þ Ôdentify the process technology used in any operation þ Describe the significant materials-processing technologies. þ Describe the significant information-processing technologies. þ Describe the significant customer-process technologies. þ Understand how process technologies are chosen.

þ the machines, equipment and devices that help operations to create or deliver products and services. þ ï þ ï

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Hospital body scanner Disney World use flight-simulation technologies

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mccounting System

Stock Control System

Ôntegrating Technologies þ The distinction between material, information and customer processing technologies is for convenience only because many newer technologies with greater information-processing capability process combinations of materials, people and customer

V V p þ processes shoppers, products and information þ provides information for operations control systems and financial systems, such as information on slow-moving items, out-of-stock items, cashier speed and store turnover and profitability.

þ `aterial þ Ônformation þ Customer

` þ Technologies which have had a particular impact include numerically controlled machine tools, robots, automated guided vehicles, flexible manufacturing systems and computer-integrated manufacturing systems.

þ ? ? ?. Performs the same types of metal-cutting and forming operations which have always been done, but with control provided by a computer

þ Y are Ǯautomatic position-controlled reprogrammable multi-function manipulators having several degrees of freedom capable of handling materials, parts, tools or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasksǯ.

þ m m are small, independently powered vehicles which move materials to and from value-adding operations

þ ` are Ǯcomputer-controlled configurations of semi independent workstations connected by automated material handling and machine loadingǯ.

þ ? ?` is the integration of computer-based monitoring and control of all aspects of the manufacturing process, drawing on a common database and communicating via some form of computer network.

˜p þ ˜ Sushi are sushi restaurants with an accent on style. þ They employ technology to create their unique atmosphere. þ Prepared dishes are circulated around the sitting area on a moving conveyor. þ Customers simply take what they want as they by.

þ Ônformation-processing technology, or just information technology (ÔT), includes any device which collects, manipulates, stores or distributes information.

` þ m local area network- allows decentralized information processors such as personal computers to communicate with each other and with shared devices over a limited distance þ The internet - allows access to the World Wide Web, the distributed hypermedia/hypertext system. (information overload ) þ Extranets - allowing customers, suppliers and banks to exchange trading information þ E-business - the use of internet-based technology, either to existing business processes or to create entirely new business opportunities þ `-business - the phrase now frequently used to cover applications that combine broadband internet and mobile telephony devices þ Decision systems (DSSs) - Uses data storage, models and presentation formats to structure information and present consequences of decisions þ mutomatic identification technologies

? þ The way we classify technologies is through the nature of the interaction between customers, staff and the technology itself.

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þ m the customer takes control of the technology Example: `obile phone service, internet-based ordering, e-mail, cash machines

þ Customers are guided and thus interacting with the technology, but the technology Ǯprocessesǯ the customers and controls them by constraining their actions in some way. Examples: being a Ǯengerǯ in an aircraft, mass

transport systems, moving walkways and lifts, cinemas and theme parks

þ à for staff to track customersǯ movements or transactions in an unobtrusive way Examples: security cameras, retail scanners, credit card tracking

þ The benefits to the customer are a more flexible service Example: Call centre technology, travel shopǯs booking system

? þ - the ratio of technological to human effort it employs is sometimes called the capital intensity of the process technology þ - the ability to shift to a different level of useful capacity quickly and cost effectively þ - linking together of separate activities within a single piece of process technology to form an interconnected processing system

? þ `arket requirements evaluation includes assessing the impact that the process technology will have on the operationǯs performance objectives: ë ë ë ë ë

Quality Speed Dependability Flexibility Cost

þ p Y V an assessment of the potential that the organization is acquiring through its process technology þ ? - the things it will find difficult to do because of the acquisition of the technology. þ ? - the things which the operation can now do because of the technology.

þ Financial evaluation involves the use of some of the more common evaluation approaches, such as net present value. ` " $ ` () * $

() Discount factor for 6 periods 3.78448 Present value of net cash flows: $50,000 x 3.78448 $189,224.00 Capital Ônvestment 180,000.00 Net present Value +#'',$""

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