Daikin Presentation -vrv Technology 5z324c

11/4/2014

Energy Efficiency Summit Hyderabad Latest developments in VRV Technology

Muralidhar Katari Daikin Air conditioning India Pvt. Ltd. October 30, 2014

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What About Efficiency? Typical energy consumption in office building rC Ai

ondit io ning 47%

Comp. Heat 20% transfer 27.2% Other utilities 20.5% Lighting 32.3%

47% of electricity is consumed by AC AC consumption reduction is prime target of energy saving

How does it possible to achieve energy saving and comfort simultaneously? Energy saving

Comfort 2

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This is the time to increase our efforts towards • Strengthen Green Building Movement • More energy efficient methods of operations • High energy efficient products • Habit of Energy Conservation • Best utilization of available Energy Resources.

We are pioneering the movement with a large array of energy efficient products

Air-cooled VRV Project with LEED Platinum Certification LEED certified Platinum rating

Project Name

CRISIL House

Location

Mumbai, India

BLD. Type The Size of Bldg Size of Project Central Controller

Uniqueness

Official Building

9 Floors ODU - 73 No., HP – 1,092 VRVIII (Air Cooled) I-Manager

• Green building project => With Platinum rating • Design by Team of leading Architectural and HVAC Consultancy organisations. 4

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Water-cooled VRV Project with LEED Platinum Certification

LEED certified Platinum rating

Project Name Location

Pune, India

BLD. Type

Official Building

The Size of Bldg Size of Project Central Controller

Uniqueness

Suzlon

8 – Blocks, 32 Floor ODU - 134 No., HP – 1,392 VRVIII ( WC) I-Manager & BACnet

• Green building project => Highest Platinum rated building in India • Appreciation letter from customer for installation and project management 5

LEED Platinum Certification

LEED certified Platinum rating

Project Name

Kirloskar Brother Limited

Location

Pune, India

BLD. Type

Official Building

The Size of Bldg

Aircond. Q’ty

Application

G+ 3 Floor

ODU - 69 No., HP– 704

• Green building project => Platinum rated building • 1st Reference Site of VRV – WIII • Awarded appreciation letter by customer

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Discussion Topics Emerging Space conditioning technology; Variable Refrigerant Volume (VRV) Energy & Atmosphere - Efficiency of the system - Environment friendly Refrigerant Clean Project Management - IAQ management plan - Indoor environmental quality 7

VRV Development

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Background of Development of VRV 1973 – Global oil crises (The 4th Arab-Israel War ) 1979 – New energy efficiency laws es in Japan 1980 – Chiller design engineers challenged with making a higher efficiency chiller 1982 – The worlds first VRV System is launched

Energy saving Crude oil price

Oil crisis

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1973

1974

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The 1st turning point Inverter VRV! Its design flexibility expanded sales volume drastically.

5000

Inverter VRV

4000 3000 2000 1000 0

The 1st generation Inverter VRV G series

Non-inverter VRV 1998

1999

1990

1991

Turning Point

10

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Technology Advancement Standard compressors to variable speed scroll compressors Direct driven outdoor fans to variable frequency drive, inverter-driven fans Direct driven indoor coil motors to Inverter type motors

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Performance difference between 1982 and 2014 model 1982

2014

Energy Efficiency (COP) <10HP>

2.78

4.30

Max. refrigerant piping length difference between indoor & outdoor unit

70m

165m

Max. refrigerant piping height difference between indoor & outdoor unit

30m

90m

Capacity range – Outdoor unit

10，15HP

4~60HP

Capacity range – Indoor unit

2.5HP

0.8~20HP

Max. connectable indoor unit’s number

6 units

64 units

None

-Intelligent touch Controller - Intelligent Manager - Intelligent touch Manager (~2012) - BACNet interface - LonWorks Interface - Home Automation Interface (2012~) - A/C Network Service System

Approx. 5,000m2

No limit

Network control system

Target project size

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Expansion of the country of sale Sales is undergoing in more than 70 countries Austria Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Finland   Greece

Algeria Burkina Fas o Egypt Ivory Coast Senegal South Africa Sudan

Hungary Ireland Italy Lithuania Macedonia Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Russia

Serbia Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey UK Ukraine

Bahrain Jordan Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia UAE

Cambodia Malaysia Myanmar Philippine Singapore Thailand Vietnam

Canada Mexico Puerto Rico USA

China Japan Korea Taiwan

Argentina Brazil Panama Peru

Australia Fiji New Caledonia New Zealand Tahiti

India Maldives Nepal Seychelles Sri Lanka

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Growth path experienced in all key VRV markets 120

3. Steady Growth

100

 Japan  Australia  S. Korea  Singapore  Europe

80

60

2. High Growth

x 25!

40

1. Tipping Point 20

0 0

3

6

9

12

15

18

21

24

27

30

33

Years after introduction 14

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Energy: Efficiency of the system

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VRV Architecture Variable Refrigerant Volume Outdoor Unit

Indoor Units

•Independent control of each room and zone’s air conditioning according to thermal load. •Automatic control of each indoor unit •Energy conservation. 16

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Groundbreaking technology applied to VRV  Compressor – – – – – –

Variable speed inverter compressor Scroll compressor with relief mechanism Reluctance DC motor (IPM（Inner Permanent Magnet) synchronous motor) Neodymium magnet Sensor-less DC inverter Sign wave inverter

 Heat exchanger – Sub cool circuit for longer piping – e- cooling pipe location

 Control system – – – –

Hi-speed DIII protocol Intelligent-Manager, Intelligent-touch-Controller、Intelligent-touch-Manager BACNet Interface, LONWorks Interface A/C Network Service System (AIRNET, Energy Saving AIRNET)

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Essential technologies ⇒ Energy saving is achieved by: - Lowering condensing temperature - Increasing evaporating temperature

Sine-wave DCInverter

Standard Inverter

10

R410A

-10℃

60℃

40℃ 50℃ 20℃ 30℃ 0℃ 10℃

70℃80℃90℃100℃110℃120℃

-20℃

Output current after correction Scroll Type

0.1 200

250

300 350 エンタルピ[ｋJ/kg]

Heat exchanger

400

450

500

Fan

Reluctance DC Motor

Enthalpy (Kcal/kg)

Aero Spiral Fan

D.I.S.O. Circuit

Former Fan model

To compensate refrigerant flow velocity reduction caused by gas condensation, 2 es are combined into 1 restricted to 1. Heat exchange efficiency 11% UP

Liquid refrigerant

150

High Temp. gas

圧力[MPa]

Pressure (MPa)

Compresso r

-30℃

1

Aero Spiral Fan

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System Parts with built-in Inverters  The motor of the compressor, the heart of an air conditioner, consumes most power.

Ｍ

INV

Fan motor Air Ｍ

INV

PCB

INV

INV

Ｍ

Ｍ

Air Electronic expansion valve motor

PCB

Compressor motor

Outdoor unit Air

Indoor unit fan motor PCB

INV

Inverter device 19

System Capacity Control According to the readings of 4 sensers, every 5 sec., U calculates optimum capacity and adjusting EEV in PID (Propotional Integral & Derivative) action. PID control ensures optimum comfort. Gas

Each indoor controls its capacity via PID control and an E.E.V. 3

4

Evaporator

2

Discharge

1

T2

Fan

U Liquid

T1

INDEPENDENT BRAIN

Electronic expansion valve

T3

T4

Suction

Condensing unit adjust the inverter compressor to provide the required capacity (Low or High)

RC

T1 = Refrigerant IN temp. T2 = Refrigerant OUT temp. T3 = Return air temp. T4 = Set temp. of RC 20

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Partial load Performance Yearly Cooling hours

Daily occupancy ratio 100%

160 140 120

90%

Major operation range : > 38C

80% 70%

100

Design condition Less than 10 hrs In a year

80 60

60% 50% 40% 30%

40

Random occupancy

20%

20

10%

0 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46

Ambient Temperature (℃)

0% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Time

AC is selected for maximum load but operated under fluctuating partial load almost all time Quick and efficient traceability for the load fluctuation Quick capacity adjustment for changing load

Adjusting refrigerant flow 21

High Efficiency on Partial Load COP

7.0

6.6

Cooling COP

6.5

4.3

6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 20%

Nominal COP *

Load Area 40%

60%

80%

100%

Cooling Load

* 8 HP

Partial Load gives high efficiency , Most of the time building run on partial Loads COP = Cooling capacity /Power Input 22

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Individual Control  Operations as per building need  Precise Temperature Control  Consumes Energy as per cooling load

benefit - can save energy by avoiding useless operation

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Inverter Technology

Room Temperature

Stable temperature control by electronic expansion valve and inverter compressor

30 25 Set Temp.

20 15

 Automatically adjusts compressor speed to meet load  Strives to run long periods at very low speeds  Reduce cyclic losses  Improve temperature controls

10

20

30

40 Time

50

60

70

Min. 24

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Latest Development

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VRT Control Innovative New Technology !

VRT (Variable Refrigerant Temperature)  Cooling load is always changing

 How can we achieve best performance in unstable condition?

Targets

Methods

Results

Compressor speed change

Inverter

Ref. Volume change

Evaporating temp. change

VRT

Comp. Work change New! 26

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VRT Control Comp. Work (power consumption) reduction Ref. Temp.

TC (Cond. Temp.)

Comp. Work Comp. Work Power consumption

VRT

TE

Reduction

Reduction

(Eva. Temp.)

Inverter 50%

100% Ref. flow 27

VRT Control

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Reason – Higher efficiency at cooling VRT

COP

Because of smaller high & low pressure difference!

Conventional A/C Load

Cooling load & capacity

Ref. Eva. temp.

VRT

Capacity

100%

Conventional A/C 25%

Outdoor Temp.

35℃

30℃

25℃

20℃

High Efficiency Scroll compressor. A 50% thinner & 20% higher scroll blade, which is realized by adapting newly developed material, increases compression volume by 50%.

2.4 times stronger ! 50% thinner

50% more compression volume

Iron based alloy casting produced by “Thixocasting process”. Thixocasting process In the way that cast the material in a semi-molten state, it is capable of producing very high strength products.

20% higher

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4-face heat exchanger 50% more heat exchange surface

Maximized surface area

30% smaller fin pitch New

Current

32 fins!

Refrigerant cooled inverter  VRV IV, inverter circuit is cooled by refrigerant  So, efficient & reliable cooling without influence of ambient air temperature VRV IV

Refrigerant cooled circuit

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Air net System: Energy Saving This system tunes the air conditioner according to customer's outdoor indoor location, operating conditions and day by day weather condition.

System overview

17 Weather data locations from India Airnet Control Center (ACC)

Spot forecast

Weather Association Forecast Data

Remote energy saving tune-up service (paid contract)

Customer

Optimized energy saving setup

Optimized energy saving setup

I-Manager Operation data report (via phone line)

or

Operation data

I-Touch Controller

* Optional chargeable service

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Environment

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Heat Transfer Media Why Refrigerant? The commonly used methods of Heat Transfer in Air Conditioning solutions each exercise different operational characteristics regards adding or removing heat energy to a conditioned space as follows:

Air 0.14 watts/lb

Water 2.6 watts/lb

Refrigerant

25 watts/lb VAV

VWV

VRV

This diagram represents the energy transfer possible per lb of media due to the performance characteristic of the fluid used. 35

Environmental Consciousness 1

RoHS (Reduction of Hazardous Substances)

2

High COP (lower global warming impact, lower running cost)

3

Less refrigerant (zero ODP, lower global warming impact)

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Further Energy saving through Smart Controller

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Case Study: Project @ Pune Energy Savings Proposal by Controller Scheduling Required by client Location

Time Morning Lunch

Office Afternoon Evening

Hour 9:00 13:00 13:00 14:00 14:00 18:30

Set Temp. Mode Set

Remote Restriction

23-25°C Cooling

No

Morning

Yes

Up to Lift Lobby/ Lunch Common Afternoo areas n

-

Fan

24-26°C Cooling

18:30

No

Location

Stop All Systems

Time

Night

Hour

Set Temp. Mode Set

8:00 10:00 10:00 14:00 14:00 20:00 20:00 8:00

Remote Restriction

26°C

Cooling

No

-

Fan

Yes

26°C

Cooling

No

-

Fan

Yes

Total Testing Area 4 Floors: Right & Left Wing- 1 & 2 Floors 25/08/10~31/8/10 ( Previous conditions)

• Without Energy savings

1/09/10~7/09/10 ( Present conditions)

• With Energy savings Proposal Centralized System

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Case Study: Project @ Pune Weekly Energy Savings after

before

kwh

Reduction- 22 %

350

325 kwh

300

250 Kwh 250 200 150 kwh 100 50

Day

0 25-Aug 26-Aug 27-Aug 28-Aug 29-Aug 30-Aug 31-Aug 1-Sep Mean Ambient temp

Wed

Thur

Fri

24

24

24

SaturdaySunday MondayTuesday Wed 24

24

25

25

1545 Kwh

25

2-Sep

3-Sep

Thur

Fri

25

25

4-Sep

5-Sep

6-Sep

7-Sep

SaturdaySunday MondayTuesday 25

25

25

25

1202 Kwh

Energy savings weekly = 22 % Energy savings= (1545-1202)/1545*100

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System Structure

For PPD data and ing project data

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Indoor Environmental quality

41

Outdoor Air Processing Unit Enhanced design flexibility and a significant reduction in total system costs.  Fresh air treatment and air conditioning with a single system  Fan coil units for air conditioning and an outdoor-air processing unit can be connected to the same refrigerant line.

42

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Outdoor Air Processing Unit Enhanced design flexibility and a significant reduction in total system costs.  Fresh air treatment and air conditioning with a single system  Fan coil units for air conditioning and an outdoor-air processing unit can be connected to the same refrigerant line.

43

Heat Reclaim Ventilation (HRV)

Air Conditioning Load Reduced by Approximately 28% VRV Indoor unit

HRV

• ON/OFF signal

LCD remote controller for indoor unit

• Cooling/Heating mode signal

• Set temperature signal • Ventilation signal

Ex. air

Hot F.A.

23C 50%

35C 80%

• Failure detection signal HRV recovers heat from Exhaust air

Cooled FA

Exhaust air

27.5C 75% 44

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Future Direction

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Future direction Multi function Super large project Integration with applied system

Cooling/heating/ floor heating/hot water supply Cooling+heat recovery for hot water

Further HiCOP Hi-COP refrigerant Revolutionary compressor/hea t exchanger

Optimization for residence Connection with HA automation Price optimization by residence concentrated specification

VRV

Diversification of the heat source Electric Gas Geo thermal etc 46

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Multi function VRV

Air-conditioning

4HP – 48HP

Floor heating

Hot water supply

47

VRV for cold area

10HP – 20HP 2 step compression type Hi-COP even at –20degC 48

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Ice thermal storage VRV

Ice thermal storage tank

VRV

10HP – 42HP

49

CO2 VRV

10HP

50

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Gas heat pump VRV

8HP – 50HP

51

Application of VRV technology on large size projects Typical cluster details: Size: 93,000 sqm Average floor plate size: Wing 1&4 2,600 sqm Wing 2&3 3,000 sqm Floor Levels Wing 1&4  2 Lower Ground Floor+Ground Floor+5 Floors Wing 2&3  2 Lower Ground Floor+Ground Floor+7 Floors

Project Detail: EON Project Details:  SEZ “Special Economic Zone” project => VRV Biggest project  Location: Pune, India

Customer Criteria for A/C selection : VRV III was selected for it’s various practical benefits. 1.Phase wise installation and commissioning; 2.Energy Savings 3.Simplified Control and Maintenance 4.Independent AC system for each tenant

Equipment Configuration: System Selected

VRV III (Total Capacity: 16512 HP, 928 ODU)

Refrigerant

R-410A

Outdoor Units

Heat pump types

Model

RXYQ18PY1: 896 nos. RXYQ12PY1: 32 nos.

Indoor Units

FXFQ-MVE (Ceiling Mounted Multi Flow Cassette): 6,600 nos.

Control System

Intelligent Manager III (DAM602B51: 32 nos.) 52

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Thank you for your attention!

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