The Holocaust Powerpoint 581m1x

The Holocaust 1933 - 1945

Boycotts 1st April 1933

The first boycotts on Jewish shops took place on 1st April 1933. These boycotts meant that only Jewish people were allowed to shop at Jewish shops. Germans did not shop at Jewish shops because they were afraid – they would be called a ‘Jew lover’ and they would be named and shamed on the Prange-Liste. Also, soldiers stood outside Jewish shops to humiliate any Germans shopping there.

Laws against Jews 1934 - 1936 1934

1934 Order was issued which prohibited Jews from having health insurance

1934 No Jews allowed in public places such as swimming pools and parks

1934 Jews were made to wear the Star of David

15th September 1935 Nuremburg Laws were introduced making Jews non-citizens of and prohibiting marriage between Jews and non-Jews

1936 Further laws were ed to stop Jews owning property and working in certain jobs

1936

How did ‘Mein Kampf’ portray Jews?

In Hitler’s Mein Kampf , Jews are portrayed as “the incarnation of evil” and are described as a “grimacing, leering devil infested with infernal powers”. This showed Hitler’s view on Jews and this was reflected in the Nuremburg Laws. The Nuremburg Laws and 1933 Boycotts meant that all Germans had to recognise that Jews were noncitizens.

Kristallnacht 9th November 1938

“Shops and homes were set alight as the German police and fire service looked on. SS Guards and Germans alike beat Jews in the street. Everywhere you could hear the shattering of glass.”

Kristallnacht 9th November 1938

17-year-old Jewish student kills a Nazi who expelled his parents from

The violence went on for a week and 100 Jews were killed. Another 26,000 were arrested and sent to concentration camps

Hitler uses this event as an excuse to start violent attacks on Jewish property and synagogues

Jews were blamed for starting the riots and were made to pay for the damage

How did WWII affect Jews? Hitler segregated Jewish people in certain areas called ghettos

Walls built around the ghetto

Strict curfews – Jews could not get out of the ghettos

All Jews made to carry ID cards

In 1941, 10% of the population in Warsaw ghetto died of typhus

Jews had to rely on the Nazis for food and medicine

Living conditions become more appalling

How did WWII affect Jews? “We were instructed to build walls and gates around the edge of the ghetto. We realised this was to stop us from leaving but had no choice in the matter.”

“Whoever couldn’t walk was shot on the spot – children, women, elderly men, on the street. Some people were caught and shot…”

Ghettos in Europe

How did some Jews Violent resist? Non-Violent • 1943 Warsaw ghetto uprising – Jews rioted and attacked Nazi guards for nearly a month until they were eventually overpowered

• Secret underground newspapers distributed • Jews such as Anne Frank kept diaries • Controversial activities in the ghettos such as concerts

The Final Solution Before the Final Solution was decided at the Wannsee Conference in 1942, Jews were killed by the Einstazgruppen

Einstazgruppen… Group of Nazis who rounded up Jews and shot them.

A member of the Einstazgruppen

The Final Solution At the Wannsee Conference in 1942, Hitler met with other important Nazis and decided on the Final Solution.

Final Solution… Hitler’s plan to exterminate all Jews in Europe.

Jews in the concentration camps

The Final Solution Jews were taken from the ghettos and put into either a concentration camp or a death camp depending on your health. Jews transported from the ghettos by train

On arrival, they would be ordered to undress and all possessions would be taken away Separated into two lines Fit to Work Unfit to Work Sent to a concentration camp to be starved or worked to death

Sent to a death camp to be gassed or shot immediately

Diary entries

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It ende du ravines p being calle dt and the gutters he death ma rc , they w ere all h, because th red fro m bloo e d

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heard screams, we , up ed en op s te ga e th e The minut barking of dogs...

"One of the first in my car, I saw a message scrawled in blood on the wall."

Auschwitz i The main concentration camp

Arbeit Macht Frei: The lie told to every man, woman and child who entered Auschwitz; “Work sets you free”

Key facts about Auschwitz... • • •

About 6000 people were killed every day at Auschwitz 90% of those killed at Auschwitz were Jews More people died in Auschwitz than the British and American losses of World War Two combined

A survivor’s depiction of life in the exterminati on camps