Discussion 1 6x4r5z

Discussion of Results Laboratory exercise # 2 is about De Morgan’s Theorem and Universal Logic Gates. In the first part of the exercise we the De Morgan’s Theorem, in this part we observed the OR expression using AND gate with both inputs are inverted and its output is also inverted, based on experiment if both inputs is set to GND the output logic 0; if one of the input is set to 5V and the other is set to GND the output is logic 1, and if both inputs is set to 5V the output is logic 1; based on the results we proved that A’B’ is equal to A’+B’. We also the AND circuit by using OR gate with both inputs are inverted and its output is also inverted, based on the experiment if both inputs is set to GND the output is logic 0; the output is also logic 0 when one of the inputs is set to GND, and the output is logic 1 only if both inputs is set to 5V; based on the results we proved that A’+’B’ is equal to A’B’. In the second part of the exercise we study the functions of the universal logic gates; the NOR and the NAND gate. In this part we observed the NOR gate circuit by using NOR gate in both inputs of the other NOR gate and based on the experiment if both inputs is set to the GND the output is logic 0, the output is also logic 0 when one of the inputs is set GND and the other one is set to 5V, and the output became logic 1 when both of the inputs is set to 5V, based on the results NOR gate can operate as an AND gate because it performs multiplication of binary. We also observed the NAND gate circuit by using NAND gate in both inputs of the NAND gate based on the experiment if both input is set to GND the output is logic 0; if one of the input is set to 5V and the other one is set to GND the output is logic 1, the output is also logic 1 if both input is set to 5V, based on the results NAND gate can operate as an OR gate because it performs addition of binary.

Conclusion: In this exercise we successfully proved the De Morgan’s Theorem and the usage of the Universal Gates. In the part one of the exercise we proved the principles of negation of De Morgan’s Theorem which A’B’ is equal to A’+B’ and A’+’B’ is equal to A’B’. In the part 2 of the exercise we knew that NOR and NAND can represent other logic gates with proper circuit connection, so that they are called Universal Gate, like in what we performed in the exercise we made the NOR gate to operate like an AND gate because it performs a multiplication of binary and the NAND gate to operate like an OR gate because it performs an addition of binary.