British Standard For Laser Welding 2q1fr

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British Standard

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BRITISH STANDARD

Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding procedure specification — Part 4: Laser beam welding

The European Standard EN ISO 15609-4:2004 has the status of a British Standard

ICS 25.160.10

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BS EN ISO 15609-4:2004

BS EN ISO 15609-4:2004

National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 15609-4:2004. It is identical with ISO 15609-4:2004. It supersedes BS EN ISO 9956-11:1997 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee WEE/36, Approval of welding procedures and welders, which has the responsibility to: —

aid enquirers to understand the text;

—

present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed;

—

monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.

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A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. s are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 12 August 2004

Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.

Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. © BSI 12 August 2004

ISBN 0 580 44259 4

Date

Comments

EN ISO 15609-4

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM

August 2004

ICS 25.160.10

Supersedes EN ISO 9956-11:1996

English version

Licensed Copy: Eggert Valmundsson, Bechtel Ltd, 25 February 2005, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding procedure specification - Part 4: Laser beam welding (ISO 15609-4:2004) Descriptif et qualification d'un mode opératoire de soudage pour les matériaux métalliques - Descriptif d'un mode opératoire de soudage - Partie 4: Soudage par faisceau laser (ISO 15609-4:2004)

Anforderung und Qualifizierung von Schweißverfahren für metallische Werkstoffe - Schweißanweisung - Teil 4: Laserstrahlschweißen (ISO 15609-4:2004)

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 January 2004. CEN are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, , , Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36

© 2004 CEN

All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national .

B-1050 Brussels

Ref. No. EN ISO 15609-4:2004: E

EN ISO 15609-4:2004 (E)

Contents page

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Foreword......................................................................................................................................................................3 1

Scope ..............................................................................................................................................................4

2

Normative references ....................................................................................................................................4

3

and definitions ...................................................................................................................................4

4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15

Technical content of welding procedure specification (WPS) ..................................................................6 General............................................................................................................................................................6 Welding process ............................................................................................................................................6 Related to the manufacturer .........................................................................................................................6 Equipment used .............................................................................................................................................6 Related to the parent materials ....................................................................................................................7 Filler or other additional material(s) ............................................................................................................7 t design....................................................................................................................................................7 t preparation............................................................................................................................................8 Jigs, fixtures and tooling ..............................................................................................................................8 Welding position ............................................................................................................................................8 Backing ...........................................................................................................................................................8 Welding technique .........................................................................................................................................8 Welding parameters ......................................................................................................................................8 Pre and post weld heating ............................................................................................................................9 Operations after welding...............................................................................................................................9

Annex A (informative) Example of a Welding Procedure Specification for laser beam welding (process 52) ..................................................................................................................................................................10 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their relevant European publications..................................................................................................................................................12

2

EN ISO 15609-4:2004 (E)

Foreword This document (EN ISO 15609-4:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 121, "Welding", the secretariat of which is held by DS, in collaboration with ISO/TC 44 "Welding and allied processes". This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2005. This document supersedes EN ISO 9956-11:1996.

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Annex A is informative. Normative references to International Standards are listed in annex ZA. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, , , Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

3

EN ISO 15609-4:2004 (E)

1

Scope

This standard specifies requirements for the content of welding procedure specifications for laser beam welding processes. This standard is part of a series of standards, details of this series are given in EN ISO 15607:2003, annex A. Variables listed in this standard are those influencing the quality and properties of the welded t.

2

Normative references

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The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 439, Welding consumables — Shielding gases for arc welding and cutting. EN ISO 4063, Welding and allied processes — Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers (ISO 4063:1998). EN ISO 6947, Welds — Working positions — Definitions of angles of slope and rotation (ISO 6947:1993). EN ISO 11145:2001, Optics and optical instruments — Lasers and laser-related equipment — Vocabulary and symbols (ISO 11145:2001). EN ISO 15607:2003, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — General rules (ISO 15607:2003).

3

and definitions

For the purposes of this European Standard, the and definitions given in EN ISO 15607:2003 and in EN ISO 11145:2001 and the following apply. 3.1 slope up controlled increase of the beam power at the beginning of welding

4

EN ISO 15609-4:2004 (E)

3.2 slope down controlled decrease of the beam power at the end of welding. The slope down region is the region on the workpiece in which the effects of slope down occur. It can consist of one or two areas, depending on the selected welding mode: a)

in full penetration welding:  a region where beam penetration is still complete;  a region where penetration is partial or decreasing.

b)

in partial penetration welding :

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 a region where penetration decreases continuously 3.3 working distance distance between the surface of the workpiece and a standard reference point of the equipment which is traceable to the true focusing lens or mirror centre NOTE

This is a practical reference distance only.

3.4 tacking made to hold the parts to be welded in proper alignment until the final welds are made NOTE

This may be produced by a continuous or discontinuous with partial penetration.

3.5 welding ensuring fusion to the required depth 3.6 cosmetic for superficial remelting of the weld in order to enhance its appearance NOTE

This is made with a defocused or oscillating beam.

3.7 overlap portion of the welding remelted prior to the slope down 3.8 back or front plate placed against the workpiece on either the back or front face of the t in order to retain the molten weld metal 3.9 focal length in a lens or lens system, the distance from the principal plane, the surface at which the projection of entering and exiting rays intersect, to the focal spot NOTE In a thick lens or system of lenses, the principal plane is often inside the lens. For set-up purposes, operators often use the 'back focal length', which is the distance from the front surface of a focusing lens or mirror system to the focal spot.

3.10 focal spot part of the beam beyond the focusing system where the beam comes to a minimum cross-sectional area

5

EN ISO 15609-4:2004 (E)

4

Technical content of welding procedure specification (WPS)

4.1 General The welding procedure specification (WPS) shall provide all information required to make a weld. Welding procedure specifications may cover a certain range of thicknesses of the ed parts and may also cover a range of parent metals and even filler metals. Some manufacturers may additionally prefer to prepare work instructions for each specific job as part of the detailed production planning. Information listed below is adequate for most welding operations. For some applications it may be necessary to supplement or reduce the list. The relevant information shall be specified in the WPS. Ranges and tolerances, according to the manufacturer's experience, shall be specified when appropriate. An example of a typical WPS-format is shown in annex A.

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4.2 Welding process The welding process is 52 in accordance with EN ISO 4063.

4.3 Related to the manufacturer 

Identification of the manufacturer;



Identification of the WPS;



Reference to the welding procedure qualification record (WPQR) or other documents, as required.

4.4 Equipment used 4.4.1

General

Identification of any equipment. 4.4.2

Laser welding equipment



Type (for example YAG or CO2), model, make;



nominal power;



continuous wave or pulsed;



number of lasers combined;



manufacturer's or measured values for the following parameters:

6

1)

beam mode;

2)

beam divergence ;

3)

wave length ;

4)

beam polarisation and orientation.

EN ISO 15609-4:2004 (E)

4.4.3 

method of transmission (fibres, mirrors, including beam collimators, if used);



distance from beam source to focusing system, if necessary;



beam diameter on entrance to focusing system;



beam transmission and focusing system;



focal length;



if required, nominal focal spot size and method of measuring;



beam path protection system.

4.4.4

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Beam delivery and focusing system

Plasma suppression gas and shielding gas system

Description (schematic) showing design, position of nozzle(s) in relation to t, welding direction and welding point. 4.4.5

Filler material(s) feeding system (if any)

Description (schematic) showing design, position of the filler material(s) feeding system in relation to t, welding direction and welding point.

4.5 Related to the parent materials 4.5.1

Parent material type/grade



Designation of the material(s) and any backing plates or s used and any reference standard(s);



identification of the type of product (e.g. forged, cast, rolled, extruded).

A WPS may cover a group of materials. 4.5.2

Dimensions of materials



Thickness range of the t;



for circular workpieces the range of outside diameters.

4.6 Filler or other additional material(s) 

the designation and reference standard for any filler material(s) or other additional material(s) used in the t;



the dimensions of any filler material(s) or other additional material(s) used in the t;



any special handling instructions for any filler material(s) or other additional material(s) used in the t.

If a filler or other additional material is to be cleaned before used, this shall be specified.

4.7 t design A sketch showing the t design/configuration, dimensions and tolerances, including surface finish, or reference to another standard which provides this information.

7

EN ISO 15609-4:2004 (E)

4.8 t preparation 

t preparation method, cleaning, degreasing, etc.;



protection of t preparation (if necessary);



any necessary protection/shielding of the prepared t.

4.9 Jigs, fixtures and tooling The methods to be used for workpiece fixturing (including manual tack welding and arrangements for containment of the backing gas, if used).

4.10 Welding position

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Applicable welding positions in accordance with EN ISO 6947.

4.11 Backing 4.11.1 Back Type(s) and dimensions (if any). 4.11.2 Backing gas 

Classification and type in accordance with the relevant standard, e.g. EN 439.



gas flow rate.

4.12 Welding technique The welding technique sketch showing details of all welding es (tacking , welding , cosmetic ).

4.13 Welding parameters 4.13.1 Beam parameters 

Laser beam power at the workpiece;



F-number (nominal focal length/beam diameter) for CO2 lasers;



pulse parameters if pulsing used including : 1)

peak power;

2)

pulse energy;

3)

repetition rate;

4)

pulse duration;

5)

pulse shape;



power ramping details (including slope down or slope up procedure, if used);



tacking details;

 8

oscillation pattern, amplitude, frequency and dwell time (if applied);

EN ISO 15609-4:2004 (E)



laser beam orientation, polarization and position in relation to t and welding direction: 1)

angles (in two directions);

2)

position in transverse direction (if relevant).

4.13.2 Mechanical parameters 

Travel speed;



travel speed ramping details, if necessary;



wire/filler feed rate direction, position to be defined and angle (if any).

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4.13.3 Plasma suppression gas, shielding and backing gas parameters 

Classification and type in accordance with EN 439;



gas flow rate ;



check of gas purity;



purge procedure.

4.13.4 Other parameters 

Working distance in millimetres (mm);



location and orientation of shielding gas nozzle with respect to the work piece.

4.14 Pre and post weld heating If preheating and/or post heating and/or post weld heat treatment are required, the temperature and time at temperature shall be included on the WPS complete with any other instructions related to the heat treatment. If the laser beam is to be used for pre or post heating, the relevant parameters shall be recorded on the WPS.

4.15 Operations after welding Any mechanical and/or chemical and/or heat treatment.

9

EN ISO 15609-4:2004 (E)

Annex A (informative) Example of a Welding Procedure Specification for laser beam welding (process 52)

WPS identification: Manufacturer: WPQR N°:

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Equipment identification:

— laser welding machine: — beam polarisation: — beam delivery system: — beam focusing system: — plasma suppression gas system: — plasma shielding gas system: — filler material(s) feeding system:

Parent material specification: 1: 2: — material thickness (mm): Filler or other additional material : t type :

1: 2:

— outside diameter (mm):

— designation :

— sheet or plate †

— dimensions :

— cylindrical †

t design

Jigs, fixtures and tooling : Yes † † Mechanically fixed : † Tack weld; process : Back : Backing gas:

10

Yes †

No †

— handling : — axial † — radial † — other †

Welding technique

No †

EN ISO 15609-4:2004 (E)

Preparation : Procedure

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Tacking

Welding

Cosmetic

Welding position Welding technique Beam power at workpiece — continuous (W): — F-number (for CO2 lasers): - peak power (W): - pulse energy (J): - repetition rate: - pulse duration (ms): - shape : Power ramping details: — slope up (mm or deg) — overlap (mm or deg) — slope down (mm or deg) — slope profile Oscillation — pattern — amplitude — frequency — dwell time Beam orientation angle : — longitudinal : — transverse : — (position) Travel speed (mm/min) Travel speed ramping Wire/filler feed rate Working gas — classification and type: — flow rate (l/min) Shielding gas — classification and type: — flow rate: — purge procedure: Working distance (mm) Shielding gas nozzle — location (mm): — orientation: — Preheatinga — Postheatinga Operations after welding a a

If required.

....................................................................... Manufacturer (name, signature, date)

11

EN ISO 15609-4:2004 (E)

Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their relevant European publications

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This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).

NOTE Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod.), the relevant EN/HD applies.

Publication

Year

Title

EN

Year

ISO 14175

1997

Welding consumables — Shielding gases for arc welding and cutting

EN 439

1994

12

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BS EN ISO 15609-4:2004

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